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Core recurrence

LoopUS

LoopUS: Recasting Pretrained LLMs into Looped Latent Refinement Models

Taekhyun Park, Yongjae Lee, Dohee Kim, Hyerim Bae

Looped Depth Up-Scaling converts a pretrained LLM into an encoder, a looped reasoning block and a decoder, using representation-guided block decomposition, an input-dependent selective gate against drift, random deep supervision, and a confidence head for early exit.

Inside the method

Encoder layers → [ Looped reasoning block + selective gate ] × r (confidence exit) → Decoder layers

Simplified conceptual schematic. Consult the paper for the complete architecture.

Recurrence family
Core recurrence
Depth control
Adaptive early exit via confidence head
KV / state strategy
See paper

Reading note

Improves reasoning-oriented performance without longer generated traces or recurrent pretraining from scratch; released conversions include Qwen3 and Phi-4 backbones.

Sources checked 2026-10-28. This catalog does not imply independent reproduction.

Related works

Cite this work

@misc{loopus2026,
  title = {LoopUS: Recasting Pretrained LLMs into Looped Latent Refinement Models},
  author = {Taekhyun Park and Yongjae Lee and Dohee Kim and Hyerim Bae},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2605.11011},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2605.11011}
}

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