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Adaptive depth

RD-VLA

Recurrent-Depth VLA: Implicit Test-Time Compute Scaling of Vision-Language-Action Models via Latent Iterative Reasoning

Yalcin Tur, Jalal Naghiyev, Haoquan Fang, Wei-Chuan Tsai, Jiafei Duan, Dieter Fox, Ranjay Krishna

Recurrent-Depth VLA gives vision-language-action models a weight-tied recurrent action head that refines a latent for any number of steps at constant memory, trained with truncated BPTT and stopped adaptively when the latent converges.

Inside the method

VLM features → [ Weight-tied action head ] × r (stop on convergence) → actions

Simplified conceptual schematic. Consult the paper for the complete architecture.

Recurrence family
Adaptive depth
Depth control
Adaptive stopping based on latent convergence
KV / state strategy
Constant memory in recurrence depth

Reading note

Manipulation tasks that fail completely with one iteration exceed 90% success with four, while simple tasks saturate quickly. Reports up to 80× faster inference than prior reasoning-based VLAs.

Sources checked 2026-10-28. This catalog does not imply independent reproduction.

Related works

Cite this work

@misc{rdvla2026,
  title = {Recurrent-Depth VLA: Implicit Test-Time Compute Scaling of Vision-Language-Action Models via Latent Iterative Reasoning},
  author = {Yalcin Tur and Jalal Naghiyev and Haoquan Fang and Wei-Chuan Tsai and Jiafei Duan and Dieter Fox and Ranjay Krishna},
  year = {2026},
  eprint = {2602.07845},
  archivePrefix = {arXiv},
  url = {https://arxiv.org/abs/2602.07845}
}

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